Ankle taping and bracing for proprioception.

BACKGROUND Ankle injuries account for up to 20% of sports-related injuries, of these 33–73% are sprains, most commonly of the lateral ligament complex. This high incidence and the functional consequences ensure that patients with ankle sprains present frequently to sports medical practises. The serious consequences of a sprain include ongoing instability and recurrence, although it is unclear as to what physiological changes following the original injury predispose an individual to these consequences. One hypothesis is that proprioception, which refers to a group of sensations, including sense of movement, sense of joint position and sensations related to muscle force, is impaired following the first ankle sprain. Taping or a brace placed in direct contact with the skin is thought to improve proprioceptive acuity by stimulating cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Ankle taping or bracing is commonly used by those who have experienced an ankle sprain as a means of preventing further injury. Generally, tape and braces are hypothesised to reduce ankle sprain risk by providing mechanical support to the joint and also by improving proprioception. 5